2019-08-07
The energy certificate of a home is an official and mandatory document that includes the energy rating of a home or building. This energy rating is calculated based on the degree of energy efficiency of the property after an evaluation of the annual energy consumption necessary to meet the energy demand of the building or house under normal conditions of occupation and operation. In this post we detail everything you need to know about the certificate
It is an initiative of the European Union that is part of the effort to improve energy efficiency in all EU member countries. The energy certification provides two key pieces of information:
The energy efficiency of a property
The environmental impact of housing
Who issues it?
The Energy Efficiency Certificate is issued by a technician in possession of the academic and professional qualification (architect, technical architect, engineer, technical engineer) to carry out building projects or their thermal installations as required by current regulations.
It will be valid for 10 years and the owner will be responsible for the renovation or update according to what is established by the competent body of the autonomous community Open in a new window.
Grades come on an A-G scale, with A being the best score. This means that owners and occupants can compare the energy efficiency of different properties in a similar way to comparing the energy efficiency of refrigerators or washing machines.
The energy certification also includes a report with recommendations that lists the potential for improvements that can be made in the property to be able to:
Reduce energy bills
Improve energy efficiency
Help reduce carbon emissions
The energy certificate is divided into the following four sections:
The performance and environmental protection of the property
Estimated use of energy based on standard occupancy assumptions
Summary of energy efficiency functionalities
Recommendations to improve energy efficiency
Exclusions from the obligation to have an energy efficiency certificate
Buildings that, due to their characteristics, must remain open
Buildings and monuments officially protected by being part of a declared environment or because of their particular architectural or historical value, when the fulfillment of such requirements could unacceptably alter their character or aspect
Buildings used as places of worship and for religious activities
Provisional constructions with an expected term of use equal to or less than 2 years
Industrial and agricultural buildings, in the part for workshops, industrial and non-residential agricultural processes
Isolated buildings with a total useful area of less than 50 m2
Buildings of technical simplicity and of little construction entity that do not have a residential or public character, whether temporary or permanent, are developed on one floor and do not affect the safety of people.
Buildings purchased for demolition
Residential buildings that are subject to a lease for less than four months per year
When is a home energy certificate necessary?
The energy certificate is mandatory in Spain from June 1, 2013 to rent or sell a property or premises. The obligation to show the energy certificate is regulated in Spain by Royal Decree 235/2013. The energy certification regulations come from a European Directive that all member states have already complied with. The responsibility of obtaining this energy certificate is from the homeowner, who must hire the service of a certifying technician to obtain his energy certificate.
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2018-12-04
Buying a home is an economic effort not negligible. You must be very sure of the step that is going to take, since it is a great investment. During the search for an apartment that matches our expectations we must be alert. Before any reason of alarm that leads us to think that they are cheating us, we must know how to react. In this post we want to help you detect certain unethical practices so that you know how to avoid possible fraud in time:
Frauds in charge of commercial companies
Scams, punishable insolvencies, crimes against the Public Treasury and Social Security or, even, money laundering. All of them are part of the frauds in charge of mercantile companies, which grew the most since the crisis. In fact, in 2008, about 130,000 crimes of this nature were committed, a figure that only increased during the period of economic depression, because at the end of 2013 the figure reached 170,000 property crimes.
The particularities of these frauds, which range from the number of responsible for them generally higher than that committed by natural persons, to its greatest hallmark, as it deals with real estate crimes committed mostly by commercial companies, which act as construction companies or as promoters.
Thus, the criminal responsibility lies with those in the organization and actual operation have a position of ownership in relation to the specific criminal act in question. In this way, continues, those who carried out the criminal act may be condemned, those who participated in the concrete act and those who, being leaders of the company, knowing what was happening, did nothing to prevent it.
The seller is not the owner
This fraud is classified as a crime of selling something from another person. It consists of the transmission of a property without holding ownership of it. It is a very specific form of deception, given that the alleged seller appears to have a faculty of disposition that is actually lacking. He is sentenced to up to four years in prison. The buyer must always make sure that the seller and owner coincide by requesting a simple note in the Land Registry.
Hiding charges
It is also a scam typified in the Penal Code. The seller consciously hides the loads that weigh on the property. These range from mortgages and foreclosures to neighborhood spills. The Property Registry is the place to go to verify that everything is in order. Likewise, it will be necessary to contact the community president or the farm administrator to make sure that the payment of ordinary and extraordinary fees is current.
Contract simulation
This type of crime leads the buyer to sign a completely false deposit document that has no validity and is a mere excuse for the scammer to take out a money as a signal. Once this amount is obtained, the alleged vendor disappears. To avoid this deception, it is important, in addition to going to the corresponding registry, to be advised by a lawyer or to manage the sale through an intermediation agency.
Crime of double sale
The crime of double sale is classified in the Criminal Code and refers to the alienation by false attribution of a power of disposition that is lacking because it has already been exercised to the detriment of the acquirer or a third party as well as a new alienation before of the definitive transfer to the first acquirer. This fraud is punishable, according to current regulations, with between one and four years in prison.
So that the buyers do not fall into this type of fraud. Thus, they must know that the main way to try to avoid this type of fraud will be to verify, check and check the identity of sellers, prior to the signing of any type of contract.
Offense of sale of foreign property
Quite similar to the previous one is the fraud called the crime of selling someone else's thing. It refers to the transfer of assets without holding ownership over them. This crime is characterized by constituting itself as a specific form of deception, since it consists in pretending to the injured party a power of disposition that is lacking over real property.
The relevance of this crime is such that, as previously, it is collected under the Criminal Code and typified with between one and four years in prison. However, to avoid this, it passes through the registration check of the real estate that is intended to be acquired, since, in this way, the new buyer will be able to corroborate that the seller is actually the owner of the coast, and not another who is trying to alienate a property whose property does not hold.
Payments in black
This practice
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